When are vortices created and subsequently discontinued?

Vortices, specifically wingtip vortices, are created by the difference in pressure between the upper and lower surfaces of an aircraft's wings as it generates lift. This phenomenon occurs most prominently during flight maneuvers where lift is being actively produced, which includes the crucial phases of rotation and landing.

When an aircraft rotates for takeoff, it is actively establishing its flight configuration, which generates significant lift and, consequently, wingtip vortices. These vortices are also prominent during landing as the aircraft approaches the runway and descends, creating the same lift conditions that lead to their formation.

While vortices can exist during other phases of flight, such as taxiing when an aircraft is on the ground, or during cruising and climbing where lift is constant but the vortex intensity is different, they are most significant during the transition phases of takeoff (rotation) and landing. Thus, the correct understanding hinges on recognizing these two critical moments where aircraft encounter the necessary aerodynamic conditions to create vortices, making them prominent during these phases.